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QUICK LINKS: Systems
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Open-Source Software
Systems
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CyNet: End-to-End Software-Defined
Cyberinfrastructure for Smart Agriculture and
Transportation
Iowa
State University, Ames, Iowa
Image processing- and other sensor-based understanding of
plant behavior are becoming key to the new discoveries in
plant genotypes leading to a more productive and
environment-friendly farming. Similarly, connectivity and
autonomy are two main drivers of a safe, efficient, and
sustainable transportation vision, and real-world study of
connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) is a key tool towards
realizing that vision. Existing research and education in
agriculture and transportation systems are constrained by the
lack of connectivity between field-deployed equipment and
cloud infrastructures. To fulfill this gap, we are
establishing the CyNet cyberinfrastructure at Iowa State
University (ISU). CyNet features advanced, field-deployed
wireless networks with open-source hardware and software
platforms, 10Gbps software-defined optical networks, and
high-performance cloud computing infrastructures, and it will
be connected to national infrastructures such as GENI and
NSFCloud. To transform the CyNet hardware platforms into a
software-defined, shared-use infrastructure, we will develop
and deploy the following systems: 1) Predictable, Reliable,
Real-time, and high-Throughput (PRRT) wireless networking
solutions from PI Zhang's research group; 2) Infrastructure
virtualization system that partitions CyNet into programmable,
isolated slices; and 3) Infrastructure management system that
performs admission and access control and that decides
specific resource allocation policies.
CyNet is expected to stimulate research and field deployment
of PRRT wireless networks (e.g., those considered in 5G and
beyond). CyNet is also expected to enable transformative plant
science studies and farming practice which promise to move
agriculture into a new era in which inputs are optimized,
farmer profitability is increased, production levels are less
variable from year to year, and the ecological foot-print of
agriculture is minimized. CyNet will also enable
transformative research in connected and automated
transportation, which is key to transportation safety,
efficiency, and sustainability. CyNet will enable exciting
interdisciplinary education activities in networking,
computing, agriculture, and transportation, and it will help
engage under-represented students in STEM education.
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At-Scale, High-Fidelity Emulation
System and Collaborative, Open Innovation Platforms
for Vehicular Sensing and Control Networking and
Applications
Wayne
State University, Ford Research, Georgia Institute of
Technology, University of Michigan - Dearborn
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For at-scale, high-fidelity evaluation of vehicular sensing
and control (VSC) networking and applications research as well
as for robust, sustainable operation of the NSF GENI
infrastructure, we develop a multidimensional emulation system
for networked vehicular sensing and control. The emulation
system integrates at-scale simulation of VSC networks in the
GENI cloud computing infrastructure with in-field WiMAX and
VSC channel measurements as well as high-fidelity sensing of
vehicle internal and external state. As a part of the project,
we develop a virtualized VSC platform with OpenXC-based
sensing of vehicle internal state, camera-based sensing of
vehicle external state, and real-time wireless channel
measurement. The virtualized VSC platforms have been deployed
in Wayne State University campus patrol vehicles and are
networked with the GENI backbone infrastructures through the
GENI WiMAX network on campus. The emulation system has been
validated through experiments with the deployed VSC platforms,
the GENI WiMAX network, and the GENI racks.
The virtualized VSC platform and the emulation system are of
interest to both researchers and end-users of VSC networks and
applications. For instance, the virtualized VSC platform
enables non-interfering, simultaneous access to the same
platform by multiple users, thus it will help different
communities of vehicular sensing and control to synergize
their effort and to advance different aspects of the field
(e.g., networking, control, human interaction, and
applications) in a concerted manner. The virtualized platform
also enables incremental deployment of new technologies and
applications, since the platform serves as an enabler for
non-interfering execution of older and newer applications on
the same platform. The long-lived deployment and operation of
the VSC platform on Wayne State University police patrol
vehicles also serve as live examples and convincing evidence
for other related communities to consider this virtualized
platform for their deployments of vehicular sensing and
control infrastructures.
A video
summarizing our vision for "Platforms and Infrastructures
for Collaborative, Open Innovation in Connected and
Automated Vehicles"
Our demo in the Plenary
VIP Demo session of the 22nd NSF GENI Engineering Conference
on March 25, 2015 in Washington, DC
Testimonial
from the Chief of Police, Wayne State University
Awards:
Our work won the Best Demo Award at the 21st NSF GENI
Engineering Conference and the Best Demo First Runner-up
Award at the 20th NSF GENI Engineering Conference.
WiMAX represents a latest broadband wireless access technology
that employees cutting-edge
wireless communication techniques such as MIMO and OFDMA, and
it serves as a basic platform for evaluating broadband
wireless access in real-world settings. WiMAX is expected to
play a major role in areas such as smart grid, smart
transportation, vehicular infotainment, and community Internet
access. Towards building an experimental infrastrcuture for
research, education, and application exploration, we are
deploying a multi-sector/cell WiMAX network in Metro Detroit
which supports handoff, virtualization, and scientific
measurement. The WiMAX network will be connected via VLAN to
the GENI backbone network. We are also developing and
deploying a WiMAX mobile station platform that supports
scientific measurement as well as application exploration.
This GENI WiMAX network is expected to enable research,
education, and application exploration in smart
transportation, smart grid, wireless networked sensing and
control, and community services.
KanseiGenie
is a federated wireless sensor network (WSN) infrastructure
for at-scale experimentation with heterogeneous wireless and
sensing platforms. It currently includes WSN infrastructures
from Ohio State University, Wayne State University, and
Oklahoma State University, and it is expected to incorporate
WSN infrastructures from other countries such as India and
China too. The system is developed as a part of our NSF GENI
project KanseiGenie.
NetEye consists of 130
TelosB motes (with IEEE 802.15.4 radios), 15 Dell Vostro
laptops (with IEEE 802.11 b/g radios), and one compute server
which are deployed in State Hall --- the Computer Science
building at Wayne State University. In addition to providing a
local facility for supporting research and educational
activities, NetEye is being connected to Kansei as a part of
the Kansei consortium; Kansei consortium is initiated to
enable experimentation across shared, widely distributed
sensornet testbeds at organizations such as Wayne State
University, The Ohio State University, Los Alamos National
Laboratory, and ETRI, Korea. NetEye and the Kansei consortium
are designed and implemented to be interoperable with NSF
GENI (i.e.,
Global Environment for Network Innovations), and, through
funding from the NSF GENI program, are being incorporated into
the national GENI facility. NetEye also provides live sensing
data (e.g., environmental noise, temperature, and humidity)
that can be used to drive experimentations and to provide
useful information about occupational health in urban
universities.
Additional information: KanseiGenie
Wiki
ExoGENI:
Network-Agile Multi-Provisioned Infrastructure for GENI
ExoGENI is a GENI experimental infrastructure that links GENI
to two advances in virtual infrastructure services outside of
GENI: open cloud computing (OpenStack) and dynamic circuit
fabrics. ExoGENI orchestrates a federation of independent
cloud sites located across the US and circuit providers, like
NLR and Internet2 through their native IaaS API interfaces,
and links them to other GENI tools and resources.
Individual ExoGENI deployments consist of cloud site racks on
host campuses, linked with national research networks through
programmable exchange points. The ExoGENI sites and control
software are enabled for flexible networking operations using
traditional VLAN-based switching and OpenFlow. Using ORCA
(Open Resource Control Architecture) control framework
software, ExoGENI offers a powerful unified hosting platform
for deeply networked, multi-domain, multi-site cloud
applications. We intend that ExoGENI will seed a larger,
evolving platform linking other third- party cloud sites,
transport networks, and other infrastructure services, and
that it will enable real-world deployment of innovative
distributed services and new visions of a Future Internet.
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Kansei: Sensor Network Testbed
for At-Scale Experiments
Consisting of 210 Extreme Scale Motes (XSM) and
210 Extreme Scale Stargates (XSS), Kansei provides a
testbed infrastructure to conduct experiments with
both IEEE 802.11 and mote networks.
Ohio State University, Columbus,
Ohio
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Our contributions to
Kansei were 1) designing the 210-node 802.11 network such
that link and network properties in Kansei mimic those
outdoor, 2) designing the experiment scheduler to enable
flexible and dependable experimentation, and 3) setting up
the hardware and software platforms for Kansei. To
facilitate high-fidelity wireless network experimentation,
in particular, we have studied both indoor and outdoor
wireless link properties, and
have co-designed the network system (such as signal
attenuators and small form-factor omni-directional antennae)
to enable high-fidelity experimentation with reconfigurable
network setup (e.g., node distribution density, wireless
link reliability, etc.).
Our contributions to the
project were twofold. First, to provide real-time and
reliable data transport over the IEEE 802.11b mesh network
of the ~210 Stargates, we studied the IEEE 802.11b link
properties (e.g., MAC transmission time and reliability) in
the presence of bursty event traffic, and accordingly we
designed and implemented a beacon-free routing protocol
Learn On The Fly (LOF). Instead
of using beacon packets, LOF estimates link properties based
on data traffic itself. Since it models the network state in
the presence of data traffic, LOF chooses routes that incur
shorter delay and less energy consumption than those chosen
by beacon-based protocols (e.g., those using beacon-based
ETX metric). Second, to reduce channel contention and to
balance load at the XSM mote network, we assisted in
designing the routing protocol Logical Grid Routing (LGR).
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A Line in the Sand
DARPA Networked Embedded Systems Technology (NEST)
field demonstration
MacDill Air Force base, Florida, August 20, 2003.
(Media:
News report from CBS
and ONN, Sept. 8,
2003; The cover story of News in Engineering,
The Ohio State
University,
Autumn 2003.)
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Our major contribution to the project was
designing and implementing mechanisms to transport, reliably
and in real-time, large bursts of data packets from
different network locations to a base station (one major
technical challenge of the project). With existing messaging
services, only 50% data were successfully delivered
and packet delivery was also significantly delayed, which
was insufficient for supporting application logic. To tackle
this challenge, we studied the limitations of existing
transport control techniques, and we designed a new protocol
Reliable Bursty Convergecast (RBC): to alleviate
retransmission-incurred channel contention, we introduced
differentiated contention control; to improve channel
utilization and to reduce ack-loss, we designed a
window-less block acknowledgment scheme that guarantees
continuous packet forwarding (regardless of packet as well
as ack loss) and replicates the acknowledgment for a packet.
Moreover, we designed mechanisms to handle varying ack-delay
and to reduce delay in timer-based retransmissions. With
RBC, 96% data were successfully delivered in real-time such
that the network goodput was close to optimal.
Open-Source
Software [top]
TinyOS
code for the PRK-Based Scheduling (PRKS) Protocol
TinyOS-2.x code for the PRKS protocol. A paper about the PRKS
protocol is also available here.
TinyOS
code for the Multi-Timescale-Adaptation (MTA) Real-Time
Routing Protocol
TinyOS-2.x code for the MTA protocol. A paper about the MTA
protocol is also available here.
TinyOS
code for the Reliable-Bursty-Convergecast (RBC) protocol
TinyOS-1.x code for the RBC protocol. A paper about the RBC
protocol is also available here.
Reliably
fetching MAC feedback for IEEE 802.11 devices in Linux
We
enhanced the Linux kernel and hostap driver to
reliably expose MAC layer feedbak for each frame transmission.
TinyOS
code for different data-driven link estimation & routing
protocols in wireless sensor networks
TinyOS-1.x code for the L-* protocols. A paper comparing
different data-driven link estimation methods is also
available here.
TinyOS
code for Delay-Constrained Packet Packing in Wireless Sensor
Networks
TinyOS-2.x code for tPack protocol. A paper presenting tPack
is also available here.
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